full transcript
From the Ted Talk by Amber M. Yates: How this disease changes the shape of your cells
Unscramble the Blue Letters
Today, most people with sickle-cell dssaeie can trace their ancestry to a country where mralaia is eednmic. And this mutation still plays a key role in Africa, where more than 90% of malaria infections occur wwlddoire. ftltaoneruy, as this “adaptation” thrives, our treatment for sickle cell continues to improve. For yreas, hydroxyurea was the only medication available to reduce the amount of sickling, blunting symptoms and increasing life expectancy. Bone marrow tiaptratnlnnosas offer a curative measure, but these perucdreos are complicated and often inaccessible. But promising new medications are intervening in novel ways, like keinpeg oxygen bonded to hemoglobin to prevent sklicnig, or reducing the stickiness of sickled cells. And the ability to edit DNA has raised the possibility of enabling stem cells to produce normal hemoglobin. As these tloos become available in the aears most affected by malaria and sickle cell disease, we can improve the quality of life for more patients with this adverse adaptation.
Open Cloze
Today, most people with sickle-cell _______ can trace their ancestry to a country where _______ is _______. And this mutation still plays a key role in Africa, where more than 90% of malaria infections occur _________. ___________, as this “adaptation” thrives, our treatment for sickle cell continues to improve. For _____, hydroxyurea was the only medication available to reduce the amount of sickling, blunting symptoms and increasing life expectancy. Bone marrow ________________ offer a curative measure, but these __________ are complicated and often inaccessible. But promising new medications are intervening in novel ways, like _______ oxygen bonded to hemoglobin to prevent ________, or reducing the stickiness of sickled cells. And the ability to edit DNA has raised the possibility of enabling stem cells to produce normal hemoglobin. As these _____ become available in the _____ most affected by malaria and sickle cell disease, we can improve the quality of life for more patients with this adverse adaptation.
Solution
- areas
- years
- keeping
- worldwide
- disease
- endemic
- tools
- malaria
- sickling
- procedures
- transplantations
- fortunately
Original Text
Today, most people with sickle-cell disease can trace their ancestry to a country where malaria is endemic. And this mutation still plays a key role in Africa, where more than 90% of malaria infections occur worldwide. Fortunately, as this “adaptation” thrives, our treatment for sickle cell continues to improve. For years, hydroxyurea was the only medication available to reduce the amount of sickling, blunting symptoms and increasing life expectancy. Bone marrow transplantations offer a curative measure, but these procedures are complicated and often inaccessible. But promising new medications are intervening in novel ways, like keeping oxygen bonded to hemoglobin to prevent sickling, or reducing the stickiness of sickled cells. And the ability to edit DNA has raised the possibility of enabling stem cells to produce normal hemoglobin. As these tools become available in the areas most affected by malaria and sickle cell disease, we can improve the quality of life for more patients with this adverse adaptation.
Frequently Occurring Word Combinations
ngrams of length 2
collocation |
frequency |
red blood |
9 |
blood cells |
6 |
sickle cell |
5 |
blood vessels |
2 |
sickled cells |
2 |
symptoms experienced |
2 |
cell mutation |
2 |
ngrams of length 3
collocation |
frequency |
red blood cells |
6 |
sickle cell mutation |
2 |
Important Words
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- worldwide
- years